The kinetics of oxidation of fluorene (Fl) and its halogenated derivatives, namely, 2,7-dichlorofluorene (Fl-Cl), 2,7-dibromofluorene (Fl-Br) and 2,7-diiodofluorene (Fl-I), by permanganate ion in neutral organic medium in the presence of phosphate buffer solution has been investigated at a constant temperature of 25°C. The progresses of the reactions were followed spectrophotometrically. The stoichiometry of the reactions was found to be 3:4 (fluorene: permanganate). The oxidation reactions exhibited a first order dependence in [permanganate] and less than unit order dependences with respect to fluorenes concentrations. Under comparable experimental conditions, the order of the oxidation rate of the fluorene derivatives was: Fl-Cl > Fl > Fl-I > Fl-Br. The final oxidation products of fluorene derivatives were identified by GC/MS, FT-IR and chemical tools as the corresponding ketones (9H-fluorenone derivatives). The proposed oxidation mechanism involves formation of 1:1 intermediate complexes between fluorene derivatives and permanganate ion in pre-equilibrium step. The rate-law expression was deduced. The reactions constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters associated with the second order rate constants were calculated and discussed.
| Published in | Modern Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11 |
| Page(s) | 38-44 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Fluorenes, Neutral Organic Medium, Oxidation, Permanganate, Kinetics, Mechanism
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APA Style
Ahmed Fawzy, Rabab J. Jassas, Saleh A. Ahmed, Rami J. Obaid, Ishaq A. Zaafarany. (2016). Kinetics and Mechanism of Electron Transfer to Manganese(VII) by Fluorene and Its Halogenated Derivatives in Neutral Organic Medium. Modern Chemistry, 4(4), 38-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11
ACS Style
Ahmed Fawzy; Rabab J. Jassas; Saleh A. Ahmed; Rami J. Obaid; Ishaq A. Zaafarany. Kinetics and Mechanism of Electron Transfer to Manganese(VII) by Fluorene and Its Halogenated Derivatives in Neutral Organic Medium. Mod. Chem. 2016, 4(4), 38-44. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11
AMA Style
Ahmed Fawzy, Rabab J. Jassas, Saleh A. Ahmed, Rami J. Obaid, Ishaq A. Zaafarany. Kinetics and Mechanism of Electron Transfer to Manganese(VII) by Fluorene and Its Halogenated Derivatives in Neutral Organic Medium. Mod Chem. 2016;4(4):38-44. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11,
author = {Ahmed Fawzy and Rabab J. Jassas and Saleh A. Ahmed and Rami J. Obaid and Ishaq A. Zaafarany},
title = {Kinetics and Mechanism of Electron Transfer to Manganese(VII) by Fluorene and Its Halogenated Derivatives in Neutral Organic Medium},
journal = {Modern Chemistry},
volume = {4},
number = {4},
pages = {38-44},
doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20160404.11},
abstract = {The kinetics of oxidation of fluorene (Fl) and its halogenated derivatives, namely, 2,7-dichlorofluorene (Fl-Cl), 2,7-dibromofluorene (Fl-Br) and 2,7-diiodofluorene (Fl-I), by permanganate ion in neutral organic medium in the presence of phosphate buffer solution has been investigated at a constant temperature of 25°C. The progresses of the reactions were followed spectrophotometrically. The stoichiometry of the reactions was found to be 3:4 (fluorene: permanganate). The oxidation reactions exhibited a first order dependence in [permanganate] and less than unit order dependences with respect to fluorenes concentrations. Under comparable experimental conditions, the order of the oxidation rate of the fluorene derivatives was: Fl-Cl > Fl > Fl-I > Fl-Br. The final oxidation products of fluorene derivatives were identified by GC/MS, FT-IR and chemical tools as the corresponding ketones (9H-fluorenone derivatives). The proposed oxidation mechanism involves formation of 1:1 intermediate complexes between fluorene derivatives and permanganate ion in pre-equilibrium step. The rate-law expression was deduced. The reactions constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters associated with the second order rate constants were calculated and discussed.},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics and Mechanism of Electron Transfer to Manganese(VII) by Fluorene and Its Halogenated Derivatives in Neutral Organic Medium AU - Ahmed Fawzy AU - Rabab J. Jassas AU - Saleh A. Ahmed AU - Rami J. Obaid AU - Ishaq A. Zaafarany Y1 - 2016/11/01 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11 DO - 10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11 T2 - Modern Chemistry JF - Modern Chemistry JO - Modern Chemistry SP - 38 EP - 44 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2329-180X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20160404.11 AB - The kinetics of oxidation of fluorene (Fl) and its halogenated derivatives, namely, 2,7-dichlorofluorene (Fl-Cl), 2,7-dibromofluorene (Fl-Br) and 2,7-diiodofluorene (Fl-I), by permanganate ion in neutral organic medium in the presence of phosphate buffer solution has been investigated at a constant temperature of 25°C. The progresses of the reactions were followed spectrophotometrically. The stoichiometry of the reactions was found to be 3:4 (fluorene: permanganate). The oxidation reactions exhibited a first order dependence in [permanganate] and less than unit order dependences with respect to fluorenes concentrations. Under comparable experimental conditions, the order of the oxidation rate of the fluorene derivatives was: Fl-Cl > Fl > Fl-I > Fl-Br. The final oxidation products of fluorene derivatives were identified by GC/MS, FT-IR and chemical tools as the corresponding ketones (9H-fluorenone derivatives). The proposed oxidation mechanism involves formation of 1:1 intermediate complexes between fluorene derivatives and permanganate ion in pre-equilibrium step. The rate-law expression was deduced. The reactions constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters associated with the second order rate constants were calculated and discussed. VL - 4 IS - 4 ER -
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