Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques

Mahnaz Oghbaie; Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie; Abdol Hossein Massoudi; Tayyebe Partovi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

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Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques

Mahnaz Oghbaie, Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie, Abdol Hossein Massoudi, Tayyebe Partovi

Published in Modern Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 18 November 2014 Accepted: 28 November 2014 Published: 2 December 2014

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Abstract

In this study, lignins were extracted from three different plant species including poplar (populus nigra), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and bagasse (Gramineae Saccharum officinarum L.) by dioxane method and ionic liquid method and their molecular weight distributions (GPC) and their structural features (¹³C NMR) were compared to conclude which of lignins (DL or IL) is more unchanged and similar to the original lignin. The results indicate that there is considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins of three different species regarding average molecular weights (M¯n ). Meanwhile, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, showed that dominant structural units of the three kind of lignins are phenyl propanes, and reveals the known differences between the lignins of hardwood, softwoods and non-woods. It seems that from this point of view, there are no considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins.

Published in	Modern Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
Page(s)	36-40
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Populus Nigra, Cupressus Sempervirens, Bagasse, ¹³C NMR, Dioxane Lignin (DL), Ionic Liquid Lignin (IL), GPC

References

[1]	Anders Bjorkman, Isolation of lignin from finely divided wood with natural solvents; Journal of Nature, 1954, 174, pp. 1057–1058, doi: 10.1038/1741057a0.
[2]	R. Sederoff, H. M. Chang, Wood structure and composition; Lignin biosynthesis. In M. Lewin & I. S. Goldstein (Eds.), New York, NY, USA: Marcel Dekker, 1991, pp. 263–285.
[3]	H. Chang, E. Cowling, W. Brown, Comparative studies on cellulolytic enzyme lignin and milled lignin of sweet gum and spruce; Holzforschung, 1975, 29, p. 153.
[4]	Tayyebe Partovi, A. Hossein Massoudi, S. Ahmad Mirshokraie, Investigation of structure of milled wood and dioxane lignins of Populus nigra and Cupressus sempervirens using the DFRC method; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Payam-e-Noor University, 2012.
[5]	Md. Mokarrom Hossain, Leigh Aldous, Ionic Liquids for lignin processing: dissolution, isolation and conversion; Journal of Chemistry, 65, 2012, PP. 1465–1477.
[6]	Kareton, Janes, Book of Alternative solvent for green chemistry; Canada Publication, 2009.
[7]	R. A. Sheldon, R. M. Lau, M. J. Sorgedroger, F. Van Rantwijk, Biocatalysis in ionic liquids; Journal of Green Chemistry, 2002, 4, PP. 147–151.
[8]	S. H. Lee, T. V. Doherty, Ionic liquid-mediated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis; Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2009, 102 ( 5 ).
[9]	R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, et al. Dissolution of cellulose with ionic liquids; Journal of Am. Chem. Soc, 2002, 124, 4974.
[10]	N. Sun, H. Rodriguez, et al. Where are ionic liquid strategies most studied in the pursuit of chemicals and energy from lignocellulosic biomass? ; Journal of Chem. Commun, 2011, p. 1405.
[11]	Diego Fort, Can ionic liquids dissolve wood? Processing and analysis of lignocellulosic materials with 1-n-buthyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride; Journal of Green Chemistry, 2007, 9, PP. 63–69.
[12]	N. Sun, M. Rahman, et al. Complete dissolution and patial delignification of wood in the ionic liquid …; Journal of Green Chem, 2009, 1, p. 646.
[13]	Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri, Isolation and characterization of lignin from rubber wood in ionic liquid medium; Journal of Modern Applied Science, 2010, 4 (11).
[14]	Ali Abdulkhani, S. Ahmad Mirshokraie, Elucidation of chemical structure of wood lignin by dissolving in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid; Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, 2011, 24 (4), pp. 279–289.
[15]	W. Lan, F. Liuc, Fractionation of bagasse into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignins with ionic liquid treatment followed by alkaline extraction; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2011, 59, p.16.
[16]	M. Azadfallah, S. Ahmad Mirshokraie, Analysis of photodegraded lignin on cellulose matrix by means of FTIR spectroscopy and high pressure size exclusion chromatography; Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Payam-e-Nour University, 2007.
[17]	Patanjali Varanasi, Priyanka Singh, Manfred Auer, Paul Adams, Blake A Simmons and Seema Singh, Survey of renewable chemicals produced from lignocellulosic biomass during ionic liquid pretreatment; Journal of Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2013, 6, p. 14

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APA Style

Mahnaz Oghbaie, Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie, Abdol Hossein Massoudi, Tayyebe Partovi. (2014). Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques. Modern Chemistry, 2(5), 36-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

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ACS Style

Mahnaz Oghbaie; Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie; Abdol Hossein Massoudi; Tayyebe Partovi. Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques. Mod. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 36-40. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

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AMA Style

Mahnaz Oghbaie, Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie, Abdol Hossein Massoudi, Tayyebe Partovi. Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques. Mod Chem. 2014;2(5):36-40. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

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@article{10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11,
  author = {Mahnaz Oghbaie and Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie and Abdol Hossein Massoudi and Tayyebe Partovi},
  title = {Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {36-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20140205.11},
  abstract = {In this study, lignins were extracted from three different plant species including poplar (populus nigra), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and bagasse (Gramineae Saccharum officinarum L.) by dioxane method and ionic liquid method and their molecular weight distributions (GPC) and their structural features (¹³C NMR) were compared to conclude which of lignins (DL or IL) is more unchanged and similar to the original lignin. The results indicate that there is considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins of three different species regarding average molecular weights (M¯n ). Meanwhile, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, showed that dominant structural units of the three kind of lignins are phenyl propanes, and reveals the known differences between the lignins of hardwood, softwoods and non-woods. It seems that from this point of view, there are no considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques
AU  - Mahnaz Oghbaie
AU  - Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie
AU  - Abdol Hossein Massoudi
AU  - Tayyebe Partovi
Y1  - 2014/12/02
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
T2  - Modern Chemistry
JF  - Modern Chemistry
JO  - Modern Chemistry
SP  - 36
EP  - 40
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-180X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
AB  - In this study, lignins were extracted from three different plant species including poplar (populus nigra), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and bagasse (Gramineae Saccharum officinarum L.) by dioxane method and ionic liquid method and their molecular weight distributions (GPC) and their structural features (¹³C NMR) were compared to conclude which of lignins (DL or IL) is more unchanged and similar to the original lignin. The results indicate that there is considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins of three different species regarding average molecular weights (M¯n ). Meanwhile, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, showed that dominant structural units of the three kind of lignins are phenyl propanes, and reveals the known differences between the lignins of hardwood, softwoods and non-woods. It seems that from this point of view, there are no considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Mahnaz Oghbaie

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
Abdol Hossein Massoudi

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
Tayyebe Partovi

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran

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APA Style

Mahnaz Oghbaie, Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie, Abdol Hossein Massoudi, Tayyebe Partovi. (2014). Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques. Modern Chemistry, 2(5), 36-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

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ACS Style

Mahnaz Oghbaie; Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie; Abdol Hossein Massoudi; Tayyebe Partovi. Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques. Mod. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 36-40. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

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AMA Style

Mahnaz Oghbaie, Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie, Abdol Hossein Massoudi, Tayyebe Partovi. Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques. Mod Chem. 2014;2(5):36-40. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11,
  author = {Mahnaz Oghbaie and Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie and Abdol Hossein Massoudi and Tayyebe Partovi},
  title = {Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {36-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20140205.11},
  abstract = {In this study, lignins were extracted from three different plant species including poplar (populus nigra), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and bagasse (Gramineae Saccharum officinarum L.) by dioxane method and ionic liquid method and their molecular weight distributions (GPC) and their structural features (¹³C NMR) were compared to conclude which of lignins (DL or IL) is more unchanged and similar to the original lignin. The results indicate that there is considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins of three different species regarding average molecular weights (M¯n ). Meanwhile, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, showed that dominant structural units of the three kind of lignins are phenyl propanes, and reveals the known differences between the lignins of hardwood, softwoods and non-woods. It seems that from this point of view, there are no considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Extraction of Lignins Using a Modified Dioxane Method and an Ionic Liquid and Comparative Molecular Weight and Structural Studies by Chromatography and ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy, Techniques
AU  - Mahnaz Oghbaie
AU  - Seyed Ahmad Mirshokraie
AU  - Abdol Hossein Massoudi
AU  - Tayyebe Partovi
Y1  - 2014/12/02
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
T2  - Modern Chemistry
JF  - Modern Chemistry
JO  - Modern Chemistry
SP  - 36
EP  - 40
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-180X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20140205.11
AB  - In this study, lignins were extracted from three different plant species including poplar (populus nigra), cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and bagasse (Gramineae Saccharum officinarum L.) by dioxane method and ionic liquid method and their molecular weight distributions (GPC) and their structural features (¹³C NMR) were compared to conclude which of lignins (DL or IL) is more unchanged and similar to the original lignin. The results indicate that there is considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins of three different species regarding average molecular weights (M¯n ). Meanwhile, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, showed that dominant structural units of the three kind of lignins are phenyl propanes, and reveals the known differences between the lignins of hardwood, softwoods and non-woods. It seems that from this point of view, there are no considerable differences between dioxane lignins and ionic liquid lignins.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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