Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review

Savita Belwal

doi:doi:10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review

Savita Belwal

Published in Modern Chemistry (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 3 December 2013 Published: 10 January 2014

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Green chemistry efficiently utilizes raw materials (preferably renewable), eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. Microwave assisted technique opens up new opportunities to the synthetic chemist in the form of new reactions that are not feasible using conventional heating and serve a flexible platform for chemical reactions. Over the past five years there has been a dramatic uptake in the use of microwaves as an energy source to promote synthetic transformations. Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAOS) is clearly a method by which the laboratory chemist can achieve goals in a fraction of the time as compared to traditional conductive heating methods. Reaction times in the best cases have been reduced from hours or days to minutes. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. The technique offers a simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic way for the synthesis of a large number of molecules, providing the momentum for many chemists to switch from traditional heating methods to microwave assisted chemistry. In the present article an attempt was made to focus on what is microwave assisted synthesis, how is it generated and what importance may it have.

Published in	Modern Chemistry (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
Page(s)	22-25
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Microwave Radiation, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Green Chemistry

References

[1]	Lidstrom P, Tierney J, Wathey B & Westman, J Tetrahedron, 57 (2001) 9225.
[2]	Kirschning A, Sonnenschein H & Wittenberg R, Angew. Chem Int Ed, 73 ( 2001) 193.
[3]	Varma R S, Pure Appl Chem, 73 (2001) 1309.
[4]	Diddams P & Butters M, Solid Supports and Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, Smith K, Ed, Ellis Harwood and PTR Prentice Hall: New York and London (1992) Chapters 1, 3 and 5.
[5]	Anastas P T & Warner J C, Green Chemistry, Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press: Oxford (1998).
[6]	Lancaster M, Green Chemistry: An Introductory Text, The Royal Society of Chemistry: London (2002).
[7]	Nagariya A K, Meena, Kiran A K, Yadav A K, Niranjan U S, Pathak A K , Singh B & Rao M M, J Pharm Res, 3 (3) (2010) 575 .
[8]	Kappe C O & Dallinger D, Nat Rev Drug Discovery, 5 (2006) 51.
[9]	Heravi M M, Ajami D, Mojtahedi M M & Ghassemzadeh M, Tetrahedron Lett, 40 (1999) 561.
[10]	Abramovich R A, Org Prep Proceed Int, 23 (1991) 638.
[11]	Anastas P T & Farris C A, ACS Symp, American Chemical Society , Washington DC, 577 (1994).
[12]	Adam D, Nature, 421 (2003) 571.
[13]	Blackwell H E, Org Biomol Chem, 1, (2003) 1251.
[14]	Sharma S V, Rama-sarma G V S & Suresh B, Indian J Pham Scien, 64 (2002) 337.
[15]	Johansson H, Am Lab, 33 (2001) 28.
[16]	Bradley D, Modern Drug Discovery, 4 (2001) 32.
[17]	Larhed M, Hall berg A, Drug Discovery Today, 6 (2001) 406.
[18]	Wathey B, Tierney J, Lidrom P & Westman, J Drug Discovery Today, 7 (2002) 373.
[19]	Dzieraba C D & Combs A P, Annual reports in medicinal chemistry, academic press, 37 (2002) 247.
[20]	Gedye R, Smith F, Westaway K & Ali H, Tetrahedron Lett, 27(1986) 279.
[21]	Lidstrom P, Tierney J & Wathey B, Tetrahedron, 57 (2001) 7764.
[22]	Kidwai M, Pure Appl Chem, 78 (11) (2006) 1983.
[23]	Ravichandran S & Jeyachandramani N, Int J Chem Sci, 5(3) (2008) 1258.
[24]	Varma R S, Tetrahedron, 58 (2002) 1235.
[25]	Artman D D & Williams R M, J Amer Chem Soc, 129 (2007) 6336.
[26]	Ravichandran S, Subramani K, Kumar R Arun, Int J Chem Sci, 6 (2008) 1800.
[27]	Zhang C, Liao L & Gong S, Green Chemistry, 9 (2007) 303.
[28]	Sinnwell S & Ritter H, Aus J Chem, 10 (2007) 729.
[29]	Tsuji M, Hashimoto M, Nishizawa Y, Kubokawa M & Tsuji T, Chemistry – A European Journal, 11 (2005) 440.
[30]	Collins J M & Leadbeater N E, Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 5 (2007) 1141.
[31]	Hayes B L & Mathews N C, "Microwaves Synthesis, Chemistry at the speed of light", CEM Publishing, 2002.
[32]	Huibers G, Folk J A, Patel S R & Marcus C M, Phys Rev lett, 83(24) (1999) 5090.
[33]	Lidstrom P, Tierney J, Wathey B & Westman J, Tetrahedron, 57 (2001) 9225.
[34]	Cohen Z, Keinan E, Mazur Y & Varkony T H, J Org Chem, 40 (1975) 2141.
[35]	Smith K, Solid Support and Catalysis in Organic Synthesis, Ed Ellis Horwood, PTR Prentice Hall: Chichester, 1992.
[36]	Clark J H, Catalysis of organic reaction by supported inorganic reagents, Ed VCH: Weinheim, 1994.
[37]	Kidwai M, Kumar R, Srivastava A & Gupta H P, Bioorg Chem, 26 (1998) 289.
[38]	Matloobi M & Kappe C O, J Combinato Chem, 9(2) (2007) 275.
[39]	Kappe C O, Chem Soc Rev, 37(6) (2008) 1127.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Savita Belwal. (2014). Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review. Modern Chemistry, 1(3), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Savita Belwal. Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review. Mod. Chem. 2014, 1(3), 22-25. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Savita Belwal. Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review. Mod Chem. 2014;1(3):22-25. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11,
  author = {Savita Belwal},
  title = {Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {22-25},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20130103.11},
  abstract = {Green chemistry efficiently utilizes raw materials (preferably renewable), eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. Microwave assisted technique opens up new opportunities to the synthetic chemist in the form of new reactions that are not feasible using conventional heating and serve a flexible platform for chemical reactions. Over the past five years there has been a dramatic uptake in the use of microwaves as an energy source to promote synthetic transformations. Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAOS) is clearly a method by which the laboratory chemist can achieve goals in a fraction of the time as compared to traditional conductive heating methods. Reaction times in the best cases have been reduced from hours or days to minutes. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. The technique offers a simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic way for the synthesis of a large number of molecules, providing the momentum for many chemists to switch from traditional heating methods to microwave assisted chemistry. In the present article an attempt was made to focus on what is microwave assisted synthesis, how is it generated and what importance may it have.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review
AU  - Savita Belwal
Y1  - 2014/01/10
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
T2  - Modern Chemistry
JF  - Modern Chemistry
JO  - Modern Chemistry
SP  - 22
EP  - 25
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-180X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
AB  - Green chemistry efficiently utilizes raw materials (preferably renewable), eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. Microwave assisted technique opens up new opportunities to the synthetic chemist in the form of new reactions that are not feasible using conventional heating and serve a flexible platform for chemical reactions. Over the past five years there has been a dramatic uptake in the use of microwaves as an energy source to promote synthetic transformations. Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAOS) is clearly a method by which the laboratory chemist can achieve goals in a fraction of the time as compared to traditional conductive heating methods. Reaction times in the best cases have been reduced from hours or days to minutes. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. The technique offers a simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic way for the synthesis of a large number of molecules, providing the momentum for many chemists to switch from traditional heating methods to microwave assisted chemistry. In the present article an attempt was made to focus on what is microwave assisted synthesis, how is it generated and what importance may it have.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Savita Belwal

Department of Chemical Engineering, CVSR College of Engineering, Hyderabad (A. P.)

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Savita Belwal. (2014). Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review. Modern Chemistry, 1(3), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Savita Belwal. Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review. Mod. Chem. 2014, 1(3), 22-25. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Savita Belwal. Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review. Mod Chem. 2014;1(3):22-25. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11,
  author = {Savita Belwal},
  title = {Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review},
  journal = {Modern Chemistry},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {22-25},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mc.20130103.11},
  abstract = {Green chemistry efficiently utilizes raw materials (preferably renewable), eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. Microwave assisted technique opens up new opportunities to the synthetic chemist in the form of new reactions that are not feasible using conventional heating and serve a flexible platform for chemical reactions. Over the past five years there has been a dramatic uptake in the use of microwaves as an energy source to promote synthetic transformations. Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAOS) is clearly a method by which the laboratory chemist can achieve goals in a fraction of the time as compared to traditional conductive heating methods. Reaction times in the best cases have been reduced from hours or days to minutes. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. The technique offers a simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic way for the synthesis of a large number of molecules, providing the momentum for many chemists to switch from traditional heating methods to microwave assisted chemistry. In the present article an attempt was made to focus on what is microwave assisted synthesis, how is it generated and what importance may it have.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Green Revolution in Chemistry by Microwave Assisted Synthesis: A Review
AU  - Savita Belwal
Y1  - 2014/01/10
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
T2  - Modern Chemistry
JF  - Modern Chemistry
JO  - Modern Chemistry
SP  - 22
EP  - 25
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-180X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20130103.11
AB  - Green chemistry efficiently utilizes raw materials (preferably renewable), eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. Microwave assisted technique opens up new opportunities to the synthetic chemist in the form of new reactions that are not feasible using conventional heating and serve a flexible platform for chemical reactions. Over the past five years there has been a dramatic uptake in the use of microwaves as an energy source to promote synthetic transformations. Microwave-assisted synthesis (MAOS) is clearly a method by which the laboratory chemist can achieve goals in a fraction of the time as compared to traditional conductive heating methods. Reaction times in the best cases have been reduced from hours or days to minutes. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. The technique offers a simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic way for the synthesis of a large number of molecules, providing the momentum for many chemists to switch from traditional heating methods to microwave assisted chemistry. In the present article an attempt was made to focus on what is microwave assisted synthesis, how is it generated and what importance may it have.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download