Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria

Joy Aniso; Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina; Mohammed Kurama Hamadina

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria

Joy Aniso, Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina, Mohammed Kurama Hamadina

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 20 March 2015 Accepted: 31 March 2015 Published: 10 April 2015

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Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a commonly cultivated vegetable crop; however, there is a dearth of information on germination and vegetative growth of tomato cultivars under the hot and wet humid tropical conditions of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Although several hybrids exist, there are no known cultivars selected for cultivation under the Niger Delta conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the germination and vegetative growth of five tomato cultivars under hot and wet conditions, and to identify potentially suitable cultivar(s) for the Niger Delta. The tomato cultivars tested included a high-performing non-hybrid cultivar common to northern Nigeria (Roma Vf), hybrids bred for hot and wet environment (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and hybrids bred for cool/dry environment (AVTO1001 and AVTO1006). Germination tests were conducted and the cultivars were grown under two conditions during the rainy season: in the open field under direct rain, and in a glasshouse with regular watering to field capacity. Results show that Roma Vf had the poorest percent germination (19% in cold test) by 6 days after sowing, while the best performing cultivars in terms of seed quality were AVTO9803 and AVTO9001. In both field and glasshouse environments, Roma Vf grew significantly taller, with more nodes, high leaf numbers, leaves and greater leaf lengths than the exotic cultivars (with the exception of AVTO9001 and sometimes AVTO9803). The cultivar AVTO9803 performed best under the extremely hot conditions (≥35C) in the glasshouse than on the field. This suggests that the two hybrids (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and Roma Vf are potentially cultivable under the hot/wet conditions, but Roma Vf would require extra care due to its poor germination rates.

Published in	Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
Page(s)	99-105
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tomato Hybrids, Heat Tolerance, Humid Tropics

References

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[2]	Stahl, W. and Sies, H. (1996). Lycopene: a biologically important carotenoid for humans. Arch. Biochemistry Biophysics. 366, 1-9.
[3]	Rao, A.V., and Agarwal, S., (1999). Role of Lycopene as antioxidant Carotenoids in the prevention of chronic diseases. A Review, Nutrition research, 19(2), 305-323.
[4]	Frusciante, L., A. Barone, D. Carputo, M. R. Ercolano, F. dellaRocca, S. Esposito, 2000, Evaluation and use of plant biodiversity for food and pharmaceuticals Evaluation and use of plant biodiversity for food and pharmaceuticals. Fitoterapia, 7: S66-S72
[5]	Esminger, H.A., Esminger, E.M., Kolande, E.J., and Robson, K.R. (1994). Food and Nutrition encyclopedia, vol. 2. (Pp. 2111-2114). Florida, USA: CRC press.
[6]	Hanson, P, Chen, J.T, Kuo, C.G, Morris, R. and Opena (2001). Tomato production prepared by T. Kalb. World vegetable centre.
[7]	IFPRI/PBS, 2007, Assessing the potential economic impact of genetically modified crops in Ghana (http://www.ifpri.org/publication/assessing-potential-economic-impact-genetically-modified-crops-ghana-3)
[8]	Umeh, V.C, kuku, F.O. Nwanguma, E.I, Adebayo, O.S and Manga (2002). A survey of the insect pests and farmers practices in the cropping of tomato in Nigeria. Tropicultura, Pp 181-188.
[9]	FAO (2008). World Crop Production Statistics. Food and Agriculture Organization of United States.
[10]	Tijani, A.A, Ayanwale, A.O.S and Baruwa, O.I (2001). Profitability and constrains of tomato production under tropical conditions. International Journal of vegetable science Vol. 16, page 128-134.
[11]	Afolabi, C. A., and Ayinde, I.A., 2001. ‘Economics of Tomato Production in Yewa North L.G.A of Ogun State, Nigeria’ in Agro-Science Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Food, Environment and Extension 2(1), 17-23
[12]	Okorie, S.U., Nwanikezi, E.C. and Okoro, C.C., (2004). The quality properties of Tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum). As influenced by processing with a chemical preservative and storage.
[13]	Alegbejo, M. and Bravo, O. (2006). Moderate Resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus Among Commercial Tomato Cultivars In Northern Nigeria. Journal of Plant Protection Research Vol. 46.
[14]	Solomon, S and Qin, D and Manning, M and Alley, RB and Berntsen, T and Bindoff, NL and Chen, Z and Chidthaisong, A and Gregory, JM and Hegerl, GC and Heimann, M and Hewitson, B and Hoskins, BJ and Joos, F and Jouzel, J and Kattsov, V and Lohmann, U and Matsuno, T and Molina, M and Nicholls, N and Overpeck, G and Raga, G and Ramaswamy, V and Ren, J and Rusticucci, M and Somerville, R and Stocker, TF and Whetton, P and Wood, RA and Wratt, D, Technical Summary, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, S Solomon, D Qin, M Manning, M Marquis, KB Averyt, M Tignor, HL Miller and Z Chen (ed), Cambridge, UK and NY, USA, pp. 19-91. ISBN 978-0-521-70596-7 (2007).

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Joy Aniso, Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina, Mohammed Kurama Hamadina. (2015). Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria. Journal of Plant Sciences, 3(2), 99-105. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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ACS Style

Joy Aniso; Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina; Mohammed Kurama Hamadina. Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria. J. Plant Sci. 2015, 3(2), 99-105. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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AMA Style

Joy Aniso, Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina, Mohammed Kurama Hamadina. Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria. J Plant Sci. 2015;3(2):99-105. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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@article{10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19,
  author = {Joy Aniso and Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina and Mohammed Kurama Hamadina},
  title = {Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {99-105},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20150302.19},
  abstract = {Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a commonly cultivated vegetable crop; however, there is a dearth of information on germination and vegetative growth of tomato cultivars under the hot and wet humid tropical conditions of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Although several hybrids exist, there are no known cultivars selected for cultivation under the Niger Delta conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the germination and vegetative growth of five tomato cultivars under hot and wet conditions, and to identify potentially suitable cultivar(s) for the Niger Delta. The tomato cultivars tested included a high-performing non-hybrid cultivar common to northern Nigeria (Roma Vf), hybrids bred for hot and wet environment (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and hybrids bred for cool/dry environment (AVTO1001 and AVTO1006). Germination tests were conducted and the cultivars were grown under two conditions during the rainy season: in the open field under direct rain, and in a glasshouse with regular watering to field capacity. Results show that Roma Vf had the poorest percent germination (19% in cold test) by 6 days after sowing, while the best performing cultivars in terms of seed quality were AVTO9803 and AVTO9001. In both field and glasshouse environments, Roma Vf grew significantly taller, with more nodes, high leaf numbers, leaves and greater leaf lengths than the exotic cultivars (with the exception of AVTO9001 and sometimes AVTO9803). The cultivar AVTO9803 performed best under the extremely hot conditions (≥35C) in the glasshouse than on the field. This suggests that the two hybrids (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and Roma Vf are potentially cultivable under the hot/wet conditions, but Roma Vf would require extra care due to its poor germination rates.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria
AU  - Joy Aniso
AU  - Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina
AU  - Mohammed Kurama Hamadina
Y1  - 2015/04/10
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
SP  - 99
EP  - 105
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-0731
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
AB  - Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a commonly cultivated vegetable crop; however, there is a dearth of information on germination and vegetative growth of tomato cultivars under the hot and wet humid tropical conditions of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Although several hybrids exist, there are no known cultivars selected for cultivation under the Niger Delta conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the germination and vegetative growth of five tomato cultivars under hot and wet conditions, and to identify potentially suitable cultivar(s) for the Niger Delta. The tomato cultivars tested included a high-performing non-hybrid cultivar common to northern Nigeria (Roma Vf), hybrids bred for hot and wet environment (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and hybrids bred for cool/dry environment (AVTO1001 and AVTO1006). Germination tests were conducted and the cultivars were grown under two conditions during the rainy season: in the open field under direct rain, and in a glasshouse with regular watering to field capacity. Results show that Roma Vf had the poorest percent germination (19% in cold test) by 6 days after sowing, while the best performing cultivars in terms of seed quality were AVTO9803 and AVTO9001. In both field and glasshouse environments, Roma Vf grew significantly taller, with more nodes, high leaf numbers, leaves and greater leaf lengths than the exotic cultivars (with the exception of AVTO9001 and sometimes AVTO9803). The cultivar AVTO9803 performed best under the extremely hot conditions (≥35C) in the glasshouse than on the field. This suggests that the two hybrids (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and Roma Vf are potentially cultivable under the hot/wet conditions, but Roma Vf would require extra care due to its poor germination rates.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Joy Aniso

Crop and Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina

Crop and Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Mohammed Kurama Hamadina

Biogeochem Associates Ltd, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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Joy Aniso, Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina, Mohammed Kurama Hamadina. (2015). Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria. Journal of Plant Sciences, 3(2), 99-105. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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ACS Style

Joy Aniso; Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina; Mohammed Kurama Hamadina. Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria. J. Plant Sci. 2015, 3(2), 99-105. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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AMA Style

Joy Aniso, Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina, Mohammed Kurama Hamadina. Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria. J Plant Sci. 2015;3(2):99-105. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19

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@article{10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19,
  author = {Joy Aniso and Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina and Mohammed Kurama Hamadina},
  title = {Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {99-105},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20150302.19},
  abstract = {Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a commonly cultivated vegetable crop; however, there is a dearth of information on germination and vegetative growth of tomato cultivars under the hot and wet humid tropical conditions of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Although several hybrids exist, there are no known cultivars selected for cultivation under the Niger Delta conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the germination and vegetative growth of five tomato cultivars under hot and wet conditions, and to identify potentially suitable cultivar(s) for the Niger Delta. The tomato cultivars tested included a high-performing non-hybrid cultivar common to northern Nigeria (Roma Vf), hybrids bred for hot and wet environment (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and hybrids bred for cool/dry environment (AVTO1001 and AVTO1006). Germination tests were conducted and the cultivars were grown under two conditions during the rainy season: in the open field under direct rain, and in a glasshouse with regular watering to field capacity. Results show that Roma Vf had the poorest percent germination (19% in cold test) by 6 days after sowing, while the best performing cultivars in terms of seed quality were AVTO9803 and AVTO9001. In both field and glasshouse environments, Roma Vf grew significantly taller, with more nodes, high leaf numbers, leaves and greater leaf lengths than the exotic cultivars (with the exception of AVTO9001 and sometimes AVTO9803). The cultivar AVTO9803 performed best under the extremely hot conditions (≥35C) in the glasshouse than on the field. This suggests that the two hybrids (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and Roma Vf are potentially cultivable under the hot/wet conditions, but Roma Vf would require extra care due to its poor germination rates.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Germination and Vegetative Growth of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Cultivars under Hot and Wet Environmental Conditions in Rivers State Nigeria
AU  - Joy Aniso
AU  - Elsie Ihuakwu Hamadina
AU  - Mohammed Kurama Hamadina
Y1  - 2015/04/10
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
SP  - 99
EP  - 105
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-0731
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150302.19
AB  - Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a commonly cultivated vegetable crop; however, there is a dearth of information on germination and vegetative growth of tomato cultivars under the hot and wet humid tropical conditions of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. Although several hybrids exist, there are no known cultivars selected for cultivation under the Niger Delta conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the germination and vegetative growth of five tomato cultivars under hot and wet conditions, and to identify potentially suitable cultivar(s) for the Niger Delta. The tomato cultivars tested included a high-performing non-hybrid cultivar common to northern Nigeria (Roma Vf), hybrids bred for hot and wet environment (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and hybrids bred for cool/dry environment (AVTO1001 and AVTO1006). Germination tests were conducted and the cultivars were grown under two conditions during the rainy season: in the open field under direct rain, and in a glasshouse with regular watering to field capacity. Results show that Roma Vf had the poorest percent germination (19% in cold test) by 6 days after sowing, while the best performing cultivars in terms of seed quality were AVTO9803 and AVTO9001. In both field and glasshouse environments, Roma Vf grew significantly taller, with more nodes, high leaf numbers, leaves and greater leaf lengths than the exotic cultivars (with the exception of AVTO9001 and sometimes AVTO9803). The cultivar AVTO9803 performed best under the extremely hot conditions (≥35C) in the glasshouse than on the field. This suggests that the two hybrids (AVTO9803 and AVTO9001) and Roma Vf are potentially cultivable under the hot/wet conditions, but Roma Vf would require extra care due to its poor germination rates.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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