Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour; Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom; Ransford Kyeremeh; David Nana Adjei; Mahmood S. Abdulai; Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour, Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom, Ransford Kyeremeh, David Nana Adjei, Mahmood S. Abdulai, Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi

Published in International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 1)

Received: 24 April 2014 Accepted: 10 May 2014 Published: 20 May 2014

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Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients deserve serious attention regarding their Hepatitis B status because episodes of jaundice in the disease may be misleading in many cases. It may either be part of the chronic haemolysis they experience or due to blood transfusion (supportive therapy) related hepatotropic viral infections (Hepatitis-B). The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of Hepatitis B virus infection due to transfusion therapy among SCD patients. Venous blood samples were taken from 202 consenting SCD patients. Haemoglobin-electrophoresis was done to determine the sickling status and Haemoglobin (Hb) genotype of each patient. The samples were then tested for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) using the immunochromatographic method. A questionnaire correlating Hepatitis-B infection and history of blood transfusion was used to obtain other data from the patients. Out of 202 patients who participated in the study, 87 were males and 115 females. The Hb genotype distributions were as follows: SS (128), SC (66), S-β thal (5), CC (2) and SE (1). 99 out of the 202 had a history of blood transfusion. The frequency of HBsAg in the participants was 3.5% and the relative risk of infection by blood transfusion was 2%. It was found that sickle cell disease patients are not at a major risk of hepatitis B viral infection due to transfusion therapy because of the use of properly screened donor blood. However, there remains a significant risk by donations from infected donors who have not yet developed detectable HBsAg levels.

Published in	International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12
Page(s)	7-10
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Diagnosis, Hepatitis B Virus, Monitoring, Prevention

References

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[3]	Clarke G and Higgins T (2000). Laboratory investigation of hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias: review and update. Clin. Chem. 46 (8 Pt 2): 1284–90.
[4]	Chowning JT (2000). Sickle Cell Anemia Case Study: Summary. BioLab, Seatle, WA, Accessed on December 2003 from Http://genetics-educationpartnership. mbt.washington.edu/download/sicklecell.pdf.
[5]	Drosten C, Nippraschk T and Manegold C (2004). Prevalence of hepatitis B virus DNA in anti- HBC-positive/HBsAg-negative sera correlates with HCV but not HIV serostatus. J ClinVirol 29: 59-68.
[6]	Pyrsopoulous N and Reddy K. Hepatitis B (2012). WebMD LLC: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177632.
[7]	Maddrey WC (2001). Hepatitis B-an important public health issue. Clin. Lab. 47(1-2):51-55.
[8]	Lok AS (2002). Chronic hepatitis B. N Engl. J. Med 346 (22):1682–1683.
[9]	Wallis JP, Wells AW, Matthews JN, Chapman CE (2004). Long-term survival after blood transfusion: a population based study in the North of England. Transfusion; 44: 102– 132.
[10]	Nsiah K, Dzogbefia V P, Osei-Akoto A and Ansong D (2012). The prevalence of seropositivity to hepatitis B surface antigen and the corresponding hemato-biochemical features in sickle cell patients in Ghana. Journal of Hematological Malignancies 2: 1
[11]	Chamberland M, Alter HJ, Busch MP, Nemo G, Ricketts M (2001). Emerging infectious disease in blood safety. Emerg. Infect. Dis; 7: 552-3.
[12]	Ampofo W, Nii-Trebi N, Ansah J, Abe K, Naito H, Aidoo S.et al (2002). Prevalence of Blood- Borne Infectious Diseases in Blood Donors in Ghana. J Clin Microbiol 40(9): 3523-3525.
[13]	Amidu N, Alhassan A, Obirikorang C, Feglo P, Majeed SF, Timmy-Donkoh E. et al (2012). Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) antigen in three densely populated communities in Kumasi, Ghana. Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences 1(2): 59-65.
[14]	Berenguer M and Wright TL (2002). Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management, 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Science.
[15]	Allain JP, Candotti D, Soldan K, Sarkodie F, Phelps B, Giachetti C. et al (2003). The risk of hepatitis B virus infection by transfusion in Kumasi, Ghana. Blood 101: 2419- 2425.
[16]	Adjei A, Armah H, Gbagbo F, Ampofo W, Quaye I, Hesse I. et al (2006). Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and syphilis among prison inmates and officers at Nsawam and Accra, Ghana. J Med Microbiol 55(5): 593- 587.

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Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour, Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom, Ransford Kyeremeh, David Nana Adjei, Mahmood S. Abdulai, et al. (2014). Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2(1), 7-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

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Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour; Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom; Ransford Kyeremeh; David Nana Adjei; Mahmood S. Abdulai, et al. Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2014, 2(1), 7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

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AMA Style

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour, Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom, Ransford Kyeremeh, David Nana Adjei, Mahmood S. Abdulai, et al. Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2014;2(1):7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12,
  author = {Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour and Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom and Ransford Kyeremeh and David Nana Adjei and Mahmood S. Abdulai and Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi},
  title = {Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20140201.12},
  abstract = {Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients deserve serious attention regarding their Hepatitis B status because episodes of jaundice in the disease may be misleading in many cases. It may either be part of the chronic haemolysis they experience or due to blood transfusion (supportive therapy) related hepatotropic viral infections (Hepatitis-B). The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of Hepatitis B virus infection due to transfusion therapy among SCD patients. Venous blood samples were taken from 202 consenting SCD patients.  Haemoglobin-electrophoresis was done to determine the sickling status and Haemoglobin (Hb) genotype of each patient. The samples were then tested for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) using the immunochromatographic method. A questionnaire correlating Hepatitis-B infection and history of blood transfusion was used to obtain other data from the patients. Out of 202 patients who participated in the study, 87 were males and 115 females. The Hb genotype distributions were as follows: SS (128), SC (66), S-β thal (5), CC (2) and SE (1). 99 out of the 202 had a history of blood transfusion. The frequency of HBsAg in the participants was 3.5% and the relative risk of infection by blood transfusion was 2%. It was found that sickle cell disease patients are not at a major risk of hepatitis B viral infection due to transfusion therapy because of the use of properly screened donor blood. However, there remains a significant risk by donations from infected donors who have not yet developed detectable HBsAg levels.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy
AU - Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour
AU - Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom
AU - Ransford Kyeremeh
AU - David Nana Adjei
AU - Mahmood S. Abdulai
AU - Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi
Y1 - 2014/05/20
PY - 2014
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12
T2 - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JF - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
JO - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
SP - 7
EP - 10
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2376-7235
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12
AB - Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients deserve serious attention regarding their Hepatitis B status because episodes of jaundice in the disease may be misleading in many cases. It may either be part of the chronic haemolysis they experience or due to blood transfusion (supportive therapy) related hepatotropic viral infections (Hepatitis-B). The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of Hepatitis B virus infection due to transfusion therapy among SCD patients. Venous blood samples were taken from 202 consenting SCD patients. Haemoglobin-electrophoresis was done to determine the sickling status and Haemoglobin (Hb) genotype of each patient. The samples were then tested for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) using the immunochromatographic method. A questionnaire correlating Hepatitis-B infection and history of blood transfusion was used to obtain other data from the patients. Out of 202 patients who participated in the study, 87 were males and 115 females. The Hb genotype distributions were as follows: SS (128), SC (66), S-β thal (5), CC (2) and SE (1). 99 out of the 202 had a history of blood transfusion. The frequency of HBsAg in the participants was 3.5% and the relative risk of infection by blood transfusion was 2%. It was found that sickle cell disease patients are not at a major risk of hepatitis B viral infection due to transfusion therapy because of the use of properly screened donor blood. However, there remains a significant risk by donations from infected donors who have not yet developed detectable HBsAg levels.
VL - 2
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom

The Central Laboratory, Korle-bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
Ransford Kyeremeh

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
David Nana Adjei

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
Mahmood S. Abdulai

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana

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APA Style

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour, Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom, Ransford Kyeremeh, David Nana Adjei, Mahmood S. Abdulai, et al. (2014). Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2(1), 7-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

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ACS Style

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour; Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom; Ransford Kyeremeh; David Nana Adjei; Mahmood S. Abdulai, et al. Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2014, 2(1), 7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

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AMA Style

Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour, Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom, Ransford Kyeremeh, David Nana Adjei, Mahmood S. Abdulai, et al. Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2014;2(1):7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12,
  author = {Samuel S. Antwi-Baffour and Kwadwo Adarkwah-Yiadom and Ransford Kyeremeh and David Nana Adjei and Mahmood S. Abdulai and Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi},
  title = {Incidence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy},
  journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20140201.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20140201.12},
  abstract = {Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients deserve serious attention regarding their Hepatitis B status because episodes of jaundice in the disease may be misleading in many cases. It may either be part of the chronic haemolysis they experience or due to blood transfusion (supportive therapy) related hepatotropic viral infections (Hepatitis-B). The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of Hepatitis B virus infection due to transfusion therapy among SCD patients. Venous blood samples were taken from 202 consenting SCD patients.  Haemoglobin-electrophoresis was done to determine the sickling status and Haemoglobin (Hb) genotype of each patient. The samples were then tested for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) using the immunochromatographic method. A questionnaire correlating Hepatitis-B infection and history of blood transfusion was used to obtain other data from the patients. Out of 202 patients who participated in the study, 87 were males and 115 females. The Hb genotype distributions were as follows: SS (128), SC (66), S-β thal (5), CC (2) and SE (1). 99 out of the 202 had a history of blood transfusion. The frequency of HBsAg in the participants was 3.5% and the relative risk of infection by blood transfusion was 2%. It was found that sickle cell disease patients are not at a major risk of hepatitis B viral infection due to transfusion therapy because of the use of properly screened donor blood. However, there remains a significant risk by donations from infected donors who have not yet developed detectable HBsAg levels.},
 year = {2014}
}

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